話說在去年3月15日上午十二屆全國人大五次會議上,李總理用武僧翻跟頭的比喻(小武僧翻跟頭,一口氣十幾個不費力,大武僧兩三個就喘氣)對中國的經(jīng)濟增速狀況做了一個非常恰當(dāng)?shù)拿枋?。這一比喻非常有力地回應(yīng)了現(xiàn)場記者對中國經(jīng)濟增速的質(zhì)疑,同時也用了一個大家都懂的比喻讓我們很容易地了解了中國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展態(tài)勢。那么 比喻(metaphor)在議論文中是如何發(fā)揮它的說服作用的,我們近日就一起來看看吧~
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什么是比喻(metaphor)
A metaphor makes a hidden comparison between two things or objects that are dissimilar to each other but have some characteristics common between them.
比喻就是“隱性地”比較兩個不同事物的相似特征。比如老莎(莎士比亞)曾經(jīng)就對這個世界做了一個很微妙的比喻,原句是這樣的:
“All the world’s a stage and men and women merely players.”
世界就是一個舞臺,人僅僅是這個舞臺上的演員而已。
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比喻常見的修辭效果是什么?
1) 煽動情緒
…appeals directly to the senses of listeners or readers
2) 便于理解
…sharpens their imaginations to comprehend what is being communicated to them.
3) 增強視覺化效果
…adds visual intensity to…
常用句型如下:
What the author does?
● Metaphor is applied to…
● The “…” metaphor is a stylistic device that
● This metaphor…
Why he or she does it?
● …serves the purpose to make the ...ungrounded 2)…adds visual intensity to…
● …helps to dismiss…
● This helps the reader understand the complexities of…
What effect this is likely to have on readers?
● …making the audience condemn…
● Any reader who has …cannot tolerate such …
● …create a sense that…
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如何用3W原則對metaphor展開深度分析?
如何使用3W原則來分析一篇議論文中的metaphor呢,我們一起看個例子吧~
原 文
Standing on the coastal plain, I was saddened to think of the tragedy that might occur if this great wilderness was consumed by a web of roads and pipelines, drilling rigs and industrial facilities. ( 原文選自:Foreword to Arctic National Wildlife Refuge)
分 析
He describes the potential destruction with an image suggestive of a predator that traps its prey in a web and then consumes it. The “web” metaphor is a stylistic device that dehumanizes the oil drilling industry. This reinforces his point that the destruction would be total and permanent. (范文摘自《新SAT寫作官方題庫與范文》中國出版集團中譯出版社)
原文如何體現(xiàn)3W原則
首先范文準(zhǔn)確的描述了原文作者在此處使用了一個比喻的寫作手法(a “web” metaphor),將公路、石油管道比喻成一張能夠吞噬保護區(qū)的網(wǎng)。
緊接著,分析了這一手法的修辭效果(dehumanizes, reinforces his point…) 即通過這一比喻,讓讀者覺得開發(fā)野生保護區(qū)是沒有人性的,從而加強了自己的論點。那么,SAT寫作議論文中比喻的修辭效果你學(xué)會了嗎?更多SAT資訊就在新航道SAT頻道。英語用情用心用力做教育就上新航道!